C/C++ 中运用WMI接口查询系统各类信息,如软件信息、磁盘信息...
在C/C++中使用WMI(Windows Management Instrumentation)接口查询系统信息是一种强大的方法。下面是一个简单的例子,演示如何使用WMI查询系统信息,包括安装的软件信息、磁盘信息、网络适配器信息、操作系统信息等。请注意,这里使用的是COM接口,因此需要在代码中进行COM的初始化和反初始化。
#include <Windows.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <comdef.h>
#include <Wbemidl.h>
#pragma comment(lib, "wbemuuid.lib")
void QueryWMI(const wchar_t* query)
{
// 初始化COM
HRESULT hres = CoInitializeEx(0, COINIT_MULTITHREADED);
if (FAILED(hres))
{
std::wcerr << L"Failed to initialize COM library. Error code = 0x" << std::hex << hres << std::endl;
return;
}
// 初始化COM安全性
hres = CoInitializeSecurity(
nullptr, -1, nullptr, nullptr, RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_DEFAULT, RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_IMPERSONATE, nullptr, EOAC_NONE, nullptr);
if (FAILED(hres))
{
std::wcerr << L"Failed to initialize security. Error code = 0x" << std::hex << hres << std::endl;
CoUninitialize();
return;
}
// 创建WMI实例
IWbemLocator* pLoc = nullptr;
hres = CoCreateInstance(
CLSID_WbemLocator, 0, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER, IID_IWbemLocator, reinterpret_cast<LPVOID*>(&pLoc));
if (FAILED(hres))
{
std::wcerr << L"Failed to create IWbemLocator object. Error code = 0x" << std::hex << hres << std::endl;
CoUninitialize();
return;
}
// 连接到WMI
IWbemServices* pSvc = nullptr;
hres = pLoc->ConnectServer(
_bstr_t(L"ROOT\\CIMV2"), nullptr, nullptr, 0, nullptr, 0, 0, &pSvc);
if (FAILED(hres))
{
std::wcerr << L"Failed to connect to ROOT\\CIMV2. Error code = 0x" << std::hex << hres << std::endl;
pLoc->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return;
}
// 设置安全级别
hres = CoSetProxyBlanket(
pSvc, RPC_C_AUTHN_WINNT, RPC_C_AUTHZ_NONE, nullptr, RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_CALL, RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_IMPERSONATE, nullptr, EOAC_NONE);
if (FAILED(hres))
{
std::wcerr << L"Failed to set proxy blanket. Error code = 0x" << std::hex << hres << std::endl;
pSvc->Release();
pLoc->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return;
}
// 执行WMI查询
IEnumWbemClassObject* pEnumerator = nullptr;
hres = pSvc->ExecQuery(
_bstr_t(L"WQL"), _bstr_t(query), WBEM_FLAG_FORWARD_ONLY | WBEM_FLAG_RETURN_IMMEDIATELY, nullptr, &pEnumerator);
if (FAILED(hres))
{
std::wcerr << L"Query for data failed. Error code = 0x" << std::hex << hres << std::endl;
pSvc->Release();
pLoc->Release();
CoUninitialize();
return;
}
// 枚举查询结果
IWbemClassObject* pclsObj = nullptr;
ULONG uReturn = 0;
while (pEnumerator)
{
hres = pEnumerator->Next(WBEM_INFINITE, 1, &pclsObj, &uReturn);
if (uReturn == 0)
break;
VARIANT vtProp;
// 获取属性值
hres = pclsObj->Get(L"Name", 0, &vtProp, 0, 0);
if (SUCCEEDED(hres))
{
std::wcout << L"Name : " << vtProp.bstrVal << std::endl;
VariantClear(&vtProp);
}
pclsObj->Release();
}
// 释放资源
pSvc->Release();
pLoc->Release();
pEnumerator->Release();
CoUninitialize();
}
int main()
{
// 查询所有已安装的软件
QueryWMI(L"SELECT * FROM Win32_Product");
// 查询磁盘信息
QueryWMI(L"SELECT * FROM Win32_DiskDrive");
// 查询网络适配器信息
QueryWMI(L"SELECT * FROM Win32_NetworkAdapter");
// 查询操作系统信息
QueryWMI(L"SELECT * FROM Win32_OperatingSystem");
// 查询正在运行的进程信息
QueryWMI(L"SELECT * FROM Win32_Process");
// 查询所有用户账户信息
QueryWMI(L"SELECT * FROM Win32_UserAccount");
// 查询系统启动项信息
QueryWMI(L"SELECT * FROM Win32_StartupCommand");
// 查询物理内存信息
QueryWMI(L"SELECT * FROM Win32_PhysicalMemory");
return 0;
}
这只是一个简单的例子,你可能需要根据自己的需求修改查询语句和处理结果的方式。此外,确保在使用WMI之前充分了解WMI的概念和相应的类。